January 27: The Russian army 'liberates' the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp, but its occupants have already been moved – the women transferred to Ravensbrück, among them Zofia K, Polish prisoner (#37543), who provided personal eye-witness descriptions of Auschwitz on various issues to the author of this web site. (See Information Sources)

February: In Poland – Jewish SOLOMON MOREL begins his (STALIN appointed) task to oversee the 'de-Nazification' of Germans in internment camps.
From February to November MOREL is involved in the killing of 1,580 Germans.
In these camps some 15,000 Germans die of starvation, typhoid, and torture. An eye witness reports –

Tuesday 13: In Dresden, Germany – British bombers destroy the city at the demand of the Russian military, for its 127 war factories and military rail reinforcements to the eastern front. JOSEPH GOEBBELS (Nazi Propaganda Minister) exaggerates the casualties six fold.
(Dresden chamber of trade admits however – 'the work rhythm of Dresden is determined by the needs of our army').

March: A Polish technician finds the shredded pieces of the Osenberg List in a toilet which hadn't flushed properly. So-called because its list of Nazi scientists recalled from active combat to renew Hitler's military research and development was compiled by WERNER OSENBERG, University of Hanover. Many on this list are secretly moved to the United States in September, among whom was WERNHER VON BRAUN (d.1977), and HUBERTUS STRUGHOLD (d.1987), the latter later implicated in Nazi human experimentation on Dachau death camp prisoners.

April 4: Near Weimar, Germany – The Buchenwald camp network is captured by American troops from the Germans.
As Soviet troops approach, death-camp prisoners are force-marched by the Germans –

April 13: 5,000-6,000 Dora-Mittelbau Jewish death-marchers are herded into a barn near the town of Gardelegen with the help of local Germans and burned alive.
The Helmbrecht Death March of women begins – 195 miles.
Sworn trial testimony of chief woman guard HEGEL on this march –

April 24: Germany transmits an offer to surrender to Britain and USA but not to the Soviet Union, via Count BERNADOTTE (noted for saving some 20,000 from German concentration camps).

April 30: HITLER commits suicide in Berlin

Catholic Cardinal BERTRAM (fully aware of the Holocaust slaughters) orders that in all churches of his archdiocese –

so that his and HITLER's flock can pray to the Almighty, in accord with the requiem's liturgy, that the Almighty's son, HITLER, be admitted to paradise. (What blasphemy!)

Dachau extermination camp is liberated by the Allies (U.S. 42nd Division of the 7th Army) in which about 70,000 had died.

7-9: The German capitulation is signed in Reims and ratified in Karlshorst in Berlin, ceasefire in Europe.

August: In Poland – Anti-Jewish riots break out in Cracow and spread to Sosnowiec and Lublin.
The British ambassador in Warsaw reports that anyone in Poland with a Jewish physical appearance is now in personal danger.

August 6, 8:15 AM: In Hiroshima, Japan – The United States kills about 80,000 civilians in a nuclear attack. By year end the total has risen to more than 100,000 through nuclear radiation effects.

August 8: The four major victorious powers (Britain, France, USA, USSR) sign the London Agreement setting up the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany.
of Jewish immigrants to Palestine recommences.

September 20: CHAIM WEIZMANN, on behalf of the Jewish Agency, submits a reparations claim to the four occupying powers of Germany with no result. (See: January 1951).

November 20: The war-crime trials begin at Nuremberg.

More than a million and a half of the above being CHILDREN.
The above figures do NOT take into account the very many slaughtered without ANY record being kept.

Click for the scope and types of holocaust denial, and for Remember.org

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11: The General Assembly of the United Nations (Article 6-c) defines crimes against humanity as –

Objections to the use of this Article against Nazi war criminals as ex post facto is offset by the Nuremberg Tribunal that the magnitude of these crimes, never witnessed before, is contrary to the laws of civilized nations and should be internationally recognized.

The 'Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry' on Jewish immigration to Palestine, previously agreed to by Britain under pressure from American President TRUMAN, recommends –

Britain refuses the immigration and refers the issue to the United Nations. (See 15 May, 1947).

Sunday 16: In Palestine – Operation Merkolet (bridges) of the Jewish Haganah during the night of the 16-17th in the British Mandate is to destroy eleven bridges linking Palestine to the neighboring countries Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt, in order to immobilize its transportation.

Saturday 29: In Palestine – British forces arrest the members of the Jewish Agency Executive and send units to Jewish settlements suspected of harbouring Palmach units and arms caches. 2,700 individuals are arrested, among them Moshe Sharett. The British objectives included dissuading the Haganah and the Palmach, Lehi (Stern Gang), and the Irgun Tzvai Leumi, from undertaking further attacks against British troops and officials, as well as possibly dissuading a unilateral proclamation of a Jewish state, and bolstering morale.

1: In Italy – The British Embassy in Rome is badly damaged by bomb explosions set by Jewish terror organization, Irgun. (See June 1948).

In Palestine – In one swift operation 11 new Jewish settlements are created in the Negev to enforce Jewish control in the area.
In England – The government refuses to block propaganda support for German neo-Nazi groups by OSWALD MOSLEY, on the grounds that –

but, they are still in a minority.

Germany – American occupation authorities find in a survey that –

As with surveys in general, this survey understates the degree of prejudice, and more so in this circumstance.

Tuesday December 24: In Basel, Switzerland – The World Zionist Congress in its final session strongly condemns [Jewish] terrorist activities in Palestine and its use of –

thereby condemning Irgun and related Jewish nationalist groups.

Palestine – In a telegram, a major in the British armed forces writes,

the UK – The Jewish-Zionist Irgun plan to assassinate Foreign Secretary ERNEST BEVIN is foiled by Britain's MI6.

January: In London, UK – At the conference on Palestine, Jewish negotiators are only prepared to accept partition, and the Palestinian-Arab negotiators only a unitary state (which would automatically have had an Palestinian-Arab majority). Neither will accept limited autonomy under overall British rule. Accordingly, Britain's Foreign Secretary ERNEST BEVIN announces that he will "ask the UN to take the Palestine question into consideration."

March: In Palestine – Ancient Scrolls, from Dead Sea valley caves within Jordanian controlled territory, are offered to an Armenian antiquities dealer. This later leads to the discovery, in various of eleven caves, of an immense number of ancient manuscripts and manuscript fragments (known as 'Ain Feshka Scrolls, Qumran Library, or more popularly the Dead Sea Scrolls).
This eventually constitutes one of the greatest manuscript discoveries of all time. (See: November 23).

(The Dead Sea Scrolls are comprised of the remains of approximately 825 to 870 separate scrolls, represented by tens of thousands of fragments. The texts are most commonly written on animal skin, but also papyrus and one of copper. They are written from right to left in carbon-based ink, using no punctuation except for an occasional paragraph indentation).

March 4: In France – PAUL TOUVIER is condemned to death by the court in Chambéry for war crimes. (See July).

May: In France – KLAUS BARBIE is condemned in Lyon, in absentia, for war crimes.

May 15: The United Nations General Assembly votes to create a Special Committee on Palestine, the work of which is boycotted by Palestinian-Arabs, but aided by Zionist-Jews. It recommends partition of Palestine. (See July 1937 Peel Report, and November 1947).

June: In Britain – Letters (apparently from Jewish terrorists) sent to British Cabinet Ministers are found to contain bombs.

July: In Paris, France – PAUL TOUVIER is allowed to escape and evade capture with aid from ex-colleages and Catholic priests. (See: March 4 1947 and May 24 1989).

July 9: To the U.N. Special Committee of Enquiry – Rabbi FISCHMANN, member of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, ignorantly declares in his testimony that –

betraying his misunderstanding of the Bible's terminology.

Note: This is a repeat of the error of Theodore Herzl in his Complete Diaries, Vol. II. p. 711, the founder of modern Zionism, that the area of the Jewish State biblically stretches: "From the Brook of Egypt to the Euphrates." The 'Brook of Egypt' in Holy Scripture is the name of what is today called Wadi El-Arish in north-central Sinai (the southern boundary) and the 'Euphrates' is cited in Holy Scripture as the northern boundary of the land conditionally promised to Abraham and his descendants of faith. The east-west boundary-limit was from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean, if the Bible is allowed to define its own terms.

Palestine – The Jewish terror group Irgun hangs two British sergeants and booby-traps their bodies.

September 3: In Britain – A postal bomb addressed to the War Office explodes in the post office sorting room in London, injuring two persons. It is attributed to Jewish Irgun or the Stern Gang, by the London Sunday Times of Sept. 24, 1972, p.8.

17: In a secret meeting with GOLDA MEIR, Jordan's King ABDULLAH states that he wishes to annex all of the Palestinian Arab parts as a minimum, and would prefer to annex all of Palestine. This partition plan is supported by British Foreign Secretary ERNEST BEVIN who prefers to see Abdullah's territory increased at the expense of the Palestinians rather than risk the creation of a Palestinian state headed by the Mufti of Jerusalem.

November 23: In Jerusalem – Armenian antiquities dealer from Bethlehem shows Dr SUKENIK (head of the Hebrew University's Department of Archaeology), across a barbed wire fence erected by the British Administration to separate two zones of strife-torn Jerusalem, a scrap of ancient leather parchment found by Bedouin shepherd MOHAMMED AL-DIB in a cave of the Dead Sea, thus beginning the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls from Qumran.

November 29: In New York – Against the will of the majority of the residents of Palestine, the General Assembly of the United Nations accepts Resolution 181 and votes to end the British Mandate and partition Palestine, supported by 33 votes, with 13 opposed, and 10 abstentions including Britain.
Palestine is thus to be divided into 3 parts: a Jewish part, a Palestinian part, and an internationally administered zone to include the city of Jerusalem as a Corpus Separatum to be administered by the United Nations. After 10 years, a referendum is to be held to seek the views of that city’s residents.

November 30: In Palestine – The Jewish 'War of Independence' begins with a Palestinian-Arab attack on a Jerusalem bound Jewish bus.

9: In Indonesia – Dutch military unit of Major ALPHONS WIJNEN massacres 431 villagers in Rawagede (now Balongsari).

11: In Palestine – Six Palestinian-Arabs are killed and 30 wounded by bombs thrown from Jewish trucks at Palestinian-Arab buses in Haifa; and 12 Arabs are killed and others injured in an attack by armed Jews on a Palestinian coastal village near to Haifa.

12: In Palestine – Irgun Zvai Leumi Jewish terror gang raids the Palestinian village of al-Tira in the district of Haifa killing 13 villagers and wounding 10.

13: In Palestine – Jewish terrorists (probably of Irgun Zvai Leumi), kill 18 Palestinian Arabs and wound nearly 60 in Jerusalem, Jaffa and Lydda areas. In Jerusalem, bombs are thrown in the Palestinian market-place near the Damascus Gate; in Jaffa, bombs are thrown into a Palestinian cafe; in the Palestinian village of Al Abbasya, near Lydda, 12 Palestinians are killed in an attack with mortars and automatic weapons.

19: In Palestine – Jewish Haganah terrorists attack a Palestinian village near Safad, blowing up two houses, in the ruins of which were found the bodies of 10 Arabs, including 5 children. Haganah admits responsibility for the attack.

29: In Palestine – Two British constables and 11 Arabs are killed and 32 Arabs injured at the Damascus Gate in Jerusalem when Jewish Irgun members throw a bomb from a taxi.

30/31: In Palestine – A mixed force of the Jewish Palmach and the "Carmel Brigade" attack the village of Balad al Sheikh, killing more than 60 Palestinians.

Soviet Union 'Committee of Information' (KI) is instructed to infiltrate large numbers of its agents into the ranks of Soviet Jews allowed to leave for Israel. ALEKSANDR MIKHAILOVICH KOROTKOV (aka 'Sasha') is appointed to select agents for the task. (See: April 1948 – Klingberg).

The Syrian Orthodox Church purchases the Great Isaiah Scroll (1Qls-a of the Dead Sea Scrolls) found in Cave One. (See 1954). Numerous subsequent paleographic and scribal dating studies place this copy of Isaiah in a date range of c.150-100 BC/BCE.

January 1: Jewish Haganah terrorists attack a Palestinian-Arab village on the slopes of Mount Carmel, killing 17 and wounding 33.

Arab volunteers from Arab countries begin to arrive in Palestine to help protect Arab villages but are overwhelmed by the better equipped and organized Zionist-Jewish forces.

January 4: Haganah Jewish terrorists, wearing British Army uniforms, penetrate into the centre of Jaffa and blow up the Serai (the old Turkish Government House) which is used as headquarters of the Palestinian-Arab National Committee, killing more than 40 persons and wounding 98 others.

January 5: The Arab-owned Semiramis Hotel in Jerusalem is blown up, killing 20 persons, among them Viscount DE TAPIA, the Spanish Consul. The Jewish Haganah admit responsibility.

January 7: Seventeen Palestinian Arabs are killed by a bomb at the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem, three of them while trying to escape. Further casualties, including the murder of a British officer near Hebron, are reported from different parts of the country.

January 16: Jewish Zionists blow up three Palestinian Arab buildings. In the first, eight children between the ages of 18 months and 12 years, are killed.

March 3:  Heavy damage is done to the Arab-owned Salam building in Haifa (a seven-story block of apartments and shops) by Zionists who drive an army truck up to the building and detonate 400 lbs. of explosives; casualties number 11 Arabs and three Armenians killed and 23 injured. The Jewish Stern Gang claim responsibility.

March 22: In Haifa – A housing block in Iraq Street is blown up killing 17 persons and injuring 100 others, when four members of the Jewish Stern Gang drive two truck-loads of explosives into the street, abandon the vehicles and detonate the huge explosion.

Irgun Zvai Leumi, Jewish underground terror organization, captures the prison of Acre ('Akko) and takes control of a large part of the city of Jaffa (Yafo). (See June).
March 31: The Cairo-Haifa Express is mined, for the second time in a month, by an electronically-detonated land mine near Benyamina, killing 40 persons and wounding 60 others.

April: Epidemiologist AVRAHAM MARCUS KLINGBERG (Soviet Secret Agent) is unknowingly recruited by BEN GURION (Israel's first Prime Minister) to work on chemical and biological weapons. KLINGBERG later becomes a founder and deputy director of the Israel Institute of Biological Research in Ness Ziona, south-east of Tel Aviv, and continues to secretly work for Soviet and East German intelligence for the following thirty-five years.

April 9: A combined Jewish force of Irgun Zvai Leumi (under the leadership of MENACHIM BEGIN), and the Stern Gang, supported by the Palmach forces, capture the Palestinian Arab village of Deir Yassin and kill more than 254 unarmed civilians, including countless women and children. Older men and young women are captured and paraded in chains in the Jewish Quarter of Jerusalem; 20 of the hostages are then shot in the quarry of Gevaat Shaul.

12: In Tel Aviv – The Minhelet HaAm (מנהלת העם‎, 'People's Administration') is formed to represent the Jews of Palestine.

3: A book bomb, addressed to a British Army officer, who had been stationed in Palestine, explodes, killing his brother, REX FARRAN.

4: In Palestine – Jordan's King ABDULLAH in an effort to seize as much of Palestine as possible, sends in his Arab Legion to attack the Isreali settlements in the Etzion Bloc.

11: A letter bomb addressed to Sir EVELYN BARKER, former British Commanding Officer in Palestine, is detected in the nick of time by his wife.

12: In Tel Aviv – Minhelet HaAm convenes to vote on whether to declare independence or accept the American proposed truce. Of its ten members present at that meeting – only six vote for independence.

Minhelet HaAm becomes the Provisional government of the new State of Israel.

As British forces begin to withdraw, the 30,000-strong Jewish Haganah terror group is put on a war footing. (See June).

15: Britain announces the end of its mandate over Palestine, and troops of the new, poorly trained, badly equipped, and uncoordinated armies of Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq invade Palestine.
19: Israel's Provisional Council of State publishes Administration Ordinance 5708–1948. Section 13 of which reads –

20: Count BERNADOTTE is appointed by the United Nations Security Council as mediator in Palestine. He is later murdered by the Jewish Stern Gang.

20: A boat from France, the Altalena, carrying smuggled weapons and volunteers for the Jewish Irgun terror organization, is shelled by the newly established Israeli army. (The ship carries 800-900 men, 5,000 rifles, 250 Bren guns, 5 million bullets, 50 Bazoukas, 10 Bren carriers. (Source: Ben Gurion's diary).
Sixteen Irgun Jewish fighters are killed in the confrontation with Israel's army; six are killed in the Kfar Vitkin beach area where the ship had first moored, and ten on Tel Aviv beach. Three Israel Defence Force soldiers are killed: two at Kfar Vitkin and one in Tel Aviv.

Prime Minister BEN GURION also insists on terminating the Palmach (the assault groups of the Haganah).

June 11: Israel and the Arab states grudgingly agree with Count BERNADOTTE to a cease-fire.
June 17: Sir HAROLD NICHOLSON records in his diary a conversation with the British Labour government's Foreign Secretary, EARNEST BEVIN, that –

15: South of Haifa – Some 700 Palestinian villagers are forced out of Ayn Hawd by Israel's military. (The village is later occupied by Jewish artists in 1953, renamed Ein Hod, its mosque converted into the Dona Rosa restuarant and is today a thriving tourist destination).

16: Count BERNADOTTE files his report, stating that –

He describes – "Zionist pillage on a grand scale and the destruction of villages without apparent military need"

17: Count BERNADOTTE and his aide, Col. SEROT, are killed by the Jewish Stern Gang in the "Israeli" controlled sector of Jerusalem after campaigning for the right of Palestinian-Arab refugees to return to their homes.

(Count BERNADOTTE was noted for having saved some 20,000 from German concentration camps).

October 31: In Israel – Battalion 92 of the Israeli Defence Force enters the Christian Palestinian village of Iqrit and its inhabitants immediately submit. Israel's military order them to evacuate on the grounds that it is too dangerous for them to stay. The military promise that they will be returned in two weeks when military operations are over. It never happens (see November 6).

JUDAH LEON MAGNES withdraws from the leadership of American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, a committee which he had helped establish, because the organization had not answered his plea for help for the Palestinian refugees: "How can I continue to be officially associated with an aid organization which apparently so easily can ignore such a huge and acute refugee problem?"

November: In Israel – The Palestinian-Arab village of Birim is attacked and destroyed, killing and injuring a number of unarmed civilians.
All the Palestinian-Arabs are forcibly expelled from their homes and land.   (See Israel's Right to Palestine).

The Russian KGB via Czechoslovakia is reported to have supplied arms to Zionist Jewish forces during this 'War of Independence' or 'al-Nakbah' ('the Disaster'). The left-wing Mapam (United Workers) Party describes itself as –

"an inseparable part of the world revolutionary camp headed by the USSR".

November 6-8: In Israel – Iqrit village of Christian Palestinians is evacuated by the Israeli Army, and its people transported by the military to Rama village. Fifty people (including the village priest), are allowed to stay in the village to guard the houses and property.

However, over the next six months the Israeli army completes the evacuation, and reneges on its promise (see October 31). See July 31, 1951.

2: In New York, USA – In a letter to the New York Times newspaper (published December 4) Professor ALBERT EINSTEIN and other leading American Jews write –

in military retaliation to the attack of the surrounding Arab countries, now increases its land area more than the United Nations Partition of Palestine decision allowed. (see 1947). The remaining area of Palestine is swallowed up by Egypt and Transjordan (which becomes the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan).

February 24: Israel signs an agreement with Egypt on the island of Rhodes, in which –

March 23: Israel signs an armistice agreement with Lebanon, in which –

April 3: Israel signs an armistice agreement with Jordan, in which –

April 27: In Lausanne, Switzerland – The United Nations Conciliation Commission convened conference begins for establishment of Israel's recognized borders, the question of Jerusalem, the repatriation of refugees, Israeli counter-claims for war damages, the fate of orange groves belonging to Palestinian refugees and of their bank accounts blocked in Israel.

July 15: The Israeli Army expels the population of the village of Wadi Fukin after the village had been transferred to the Israeli-occupied area under the terms of the Armistice Agreement concluded between Israel and the Jordan Kingdom. (See: August 31).

July 20: Israel sign an Armistice Agreement with Syria, in which –
Syria withdraws its forces from most of the territories it controlled west of the international border, which become demilitarised zones.
It is emphasised that the armistice line is "not to be interpreted as having any relation whatsoever to ultimate territorial arrangements." (Article V of the Agreement).

August 31: The Mixed Armistice Commission decides by a majority vote that Israel has violated the Armistice Agreement by expelling villagers across the demarcation line from the village of Wadi Fukin and decides that the villagers should be allowed to return to their homes. (See: September 6).

September 6: When the expelled villagers returned to Wadi Fukin under the supervision of the United Nations observers they find most of their houses destroyed and are again compelled by the Israeli Army to return to Jordanian controlled territory.

The United Nations Chairman of the Mixed Commission, Colonel GARRISON B. COVERDALE (US), presses for a solution of this issue to be found in the Mixed Armistice Commission, in an amicable and UN spirit. After some hesitation, this procedure is accepted and finally an agreement is reached whereby the Armistice line is changed to give back Wadi Fukin to the Jordanian authority who, in turn, agreed to transfer some uninhabited, but fertile territory south of Bethlehem to the Israelis.

December 13: In Israel – The Central Institute for Coordination is formed (Israel's Secret Service known as Mossad), under the Office of Israel's Prime Minister, with a role similar to America's CIA, and a Bible motto from Proverbs 24:6 – "For by wise guidance you can wage your war, and in abundance of counselors there is victory" (NRSV).
The motto was subsequently changed to – "Where there is no guidance, a nation falls, but in an abundance of counselors there is safety" from Proverbs 11:14.

The Tripartite Declaration of Great Britain, France, and the United States, guarantees that they will maintain peace in the Middle East by defending any victim against the aggressor.
Russian KGB agent ZE'EV AVNI (born Wolf Goldstein) joins the Israeli Foreign Ministry.

Nazi SS Dr ARIBERT HEIM (Dr Death II) is still sought by the Austrian police for extreme atrocities committed during the war, including experiments on prisoners. (See July 2007).

March 14: In Israel – The Knesset (Parliament) passes its Absentees' Property Law, expropriating all lands belonging to Palestinian refugees (nifkadim nohahim).

– The Jewish Orthodox organisation Yad L’Achim is formed – to help assimilation of Jewish immigrants, and regards one of its special responsibilities as –

January: In Germany – The US high commissioner in Germany passes the Clemency Act which leads to the early release of many senior Nazi war-criminals.

Israel – Prime Minister, DAVID BEN GURION, submits a collective claim to the Federal German Government based on the 500,000 refugees from Germany absorbed by Israel at $3,000 per person, totaling $1.5 billion, but which is negotiated down by the German government to $845 million to be paid over 14 years, effective from March 1953, in spite of attempts by Arab states to prevent its ratification (payment completed 1965).

This agreement however provides for a federal Indemnification Law indemnifying victims or their dependants from compensation for loss of life of limb, damage to health, loss of careers, professions, pensions and insurance, and limited restitution to a dollar for each day the victims were imprisoned, forced to live in a ghetto, or wear a yellow star. (See 1973)

July 20: In Jerusalem – A Palestinian assassinates King ABDULLAH of Jordan for annexing Palestinian areas after the 1948 Israel-Arab war, and for his secret negotiations and agreements with Israel.

July 31: In Jerusalem, Israel – The Supreme Court of Israel declares the Israeli Army's forced evacuation of the civilian population of Iqrit to have been illegal, and knows of no legal obstacle to the return of its former residents to the site of their village (Case 64/51). (See October 31, November 6-8 1948; and see also: September 10 and November 26 1951).

August 23: The United Nations Relief Works for Refugees in Palestine (UNRWA) estimates 711,000 Palestinian refugees exist outside Israel, with about one-quarter of the estimated 160,000 Arab Palestinians remaining in Israel as "internal refugees".

September 10: The Israeli Military Governor of the Iqrit area issues an "Order of Evacuation", made retro-active to November 6, 1948, that the people of the village of Iqrit must leave their Iqrit homes, under a rule which had only come into effect from September 26, 1949 (10 months after their forced evacuation). (See July 31).

November 26: In Jerusalem, Israel – The Supreme Court of Israel rejects an appeal for the implementation of its own earlier decision in favour of the village of Iqrit's former inhabitants on the grounds that it cannot guarantee implementation  by the government of Israel (Case 238/51), thereby implying that the goverment of Israel is not subject to Israel's Supreme Court. (See July 31 1951, February 25 1952, and August 25, 1953).

– Dr KURT BLOME is hired by the U.S. Army Chemical Corps under Project 63, one of the successors to Operation Paperclip, to work on chemical warfare (his file neglected to mention the Nuremberg charges or his war crimes). Denied a visa by the U.S. Consul in Frankfurt, he is employed at European Command Intelligence Center at Oberursel, West Germany. (See 1943).

Palestinian-Arab shepherds discover a third site of Dead Sea Scrolls, south of Engedi. (See 1947).

Israel passes its pro-Jewish – Law of Nationality – which effectively means:

disillusionment with Israel's pro-West policies results in a complete purge of all known Jewish members of Russia's MGB secret service (predecessor of the KGB).

25: In Jerusalem, Israel – The Supreme Court of Israel upholds the appeal of the former residents of Iqrit's against the Military Appellate Committee’s decision to approve the prohibition on their return to their homes (239/51). (See July 1, 1972).

Israel – BEN GURION splits the science corps of the military to form EMET for weapons development. (It later becomes Rafael).

Korea – The United States (using Japan's scientists captured during its Pacific war and who had helped Japan run the same plague-attack in China) drops plague-bombs into northern Korea containing shell-fish and insects deliberately contaminated with bubonic plague in order to spread it in the population. Some Korean villages in rural areas are almost wiped out by this plague.

In the Jordan Valley – Palestinian-Bedouin exploring, literally under the noses of the archaeologists excavating Qumran on the plateau above them, find a cave (later called Cave Four) containing 575 ancient manuscripts, most of them in tatters, including parts of Biblical and apocryphal books, Biblical commentaries, works on Jewish law, prayers and sectarian documents (but due to their poor condition, the fragments are generally the most difficult to decipher and translate).

22: In Israel – ISSER HAREL (born Isser Halperin) is appointed as head of Israel's secret service agency Mossad, and its domestic secret service later known as Shin Bet.

17: In Washington, USA – Israel's embassy ('Abba Eban') writes to ALBERT EINSTEIN (Professor at Princeton University) to offer him the Presidency of the State of Israel on condition he immigrate and take Israeli citizenship. He graciously declines.

Einstein, though sympathetic to Israel, was not a Zionist and believed in a bi-nationalism that meant "friendly and fruitful coexistence with the Arabs." Nor did he know Hebrew, the official language of the State of Israel. (See: his 1948 Letter).

Copyright © Lloyd Thomas 1997-2011. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
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