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| c.35 | Stephen is stoned to death by the Jewish leaders under Saul of Tarsus in an unplanned reaction of the Jewish (priest-dominated) Sanhedrin (Ac.6:11-8:2). Pharisee Saul of Tarsus ravages the church in Jerusalem almost emptying the city of Christians (Ac.8:1-3). Philip evangelises Samaria (Ac.8:5-8), and the Treasurer of the queen of Ethiopia (Ac.8:26-39). Conversion of Saul of Tarsus at Damascus, after his blinding by Jesus en route (Ac.22:16). |
SEE TODAY IN CHRISTIAN HISTORY |
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| 44 | Herod Agrippa kills the Apostle James (brother of John) to please Jerusalem's Jews and imprisons the Apostle Peter pending his execution (Ac.12:1-3). |
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| 51 | July 1: Gallio becomes governor of Achaia in Greece. Later, Paul is charged before him for practicing an illicit religion. Charges are dismissed (Acts 18:12-17). |
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| 58 | Paul and Luke journey to Jerusalem with aid for the poor (Ac.24:17). Paul is arrested, he provokes conflict between Pharisees and Sadducees before the Sanhedrin (Ac.23:6,7). Ananias (son of Nebedeus) is high priest (Ac.23:2). Paul is transferred to the Caesarea prison (Ac.21:17-23:35). |
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| 60 | Paul
speaks before Festus, Agrippa II and Bernice (Ac.25:24-26:32). Autumn: Paul is transferred from the prison in Caesarea to Rome, via Malta (Ac.28:1-10). |
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| c.62 | Paul writes his 1 Timothy letter (1Tim.3:14) and is released from his first imprisonment in Rome. Paul's ministry in Spain (Rom.15:24-28). |
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| 64 | Apostle Paul's second imprisonment and his martyrdom at Rome (2 Tim.4:6-8).
July 18: Emperor Nero burns Rome and lays the blame on the Christians. Later in 116 AD/CE, the Roman historian Tacitus writes of this, with pagan prejudice – |
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| Tacitus wrote | "Consequently, to get rid of the report, Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators [sic.* prefects], Pontius Pilatus, and a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre and become popular. Accordingly, an arrest was first made of all who pleaded guilty; then, upon their information, an immense multitude was convicted, not so much of the crime of firing the city, as of hatred against mankind. Mockery of every sort was added to their deaths. Covered with the skins of beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were nailed to crosses, or were doomed to the flames and burnt, to serve as a nightly illumination, when daylight had expired." Josephus (Annals 15.44). *Josephus himself makes the same error regarding Pontius Pilate. |
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| 68 | Palestine – Jewish Christians flee from Jerusalem to Pella across the Jordan, as the Lord Jesus had previously prophetically warned (Lk.21:20-24). |
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| 81-96 | The Great Persecution of Christians by Roman emperor Domitian.
Crimea – Clement of Rome evangelises. |
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| c.100 | Palestine – Jewish Patriarch Gamaliel II revises the principal Jewish prayer ('amida) of 18 benedictions as the obligation of every Jew to recite three times daily, and adds a prayer against heretics directed at Jewish Christians, thus excommunicating any Jew holding to the interpretation of the Old Testament taught by Jesus and His followers. |
Judaism cuts off Christianity | ||
| 111 | Emperor Trajan orders the execution of any person who confesses to being a Christian. |
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| 165 | Justin Martyr is tortured and beheaded for his Christian witness, leaving the message – ‘You can kill us, but cannot do us any real harm’. |
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| 177 | Summer: Rhone Valley, Gaul – An vicious organized pogrom breaks out against Christians on accusations of cannibalism (Holy Communion) and incest (Christian Brotherhood). Christians who are Roman citizens are beheaded. Those who are not are tortured, then sent through a gauntlet of whips and given to wild animals in the arena. Severed heads and limbs are displayed under guard for six days, then burned, and the ashes thrown into the Rhone.
Before the actual outbreak of violence, Christians were forbidden from public areas such as the marketplaces, baths, etc. The populace also attacked the Christians, robbing them, and subjecting them to other forms of abuse (HE, 5.1.5,7). Sanctus, a deacon from Vienne, has red-hot plates applied to his testicles –
Blandina, a prophetess, is 'tortured from dawn till evening, ...' until she exhausted her torturers, scourged, roasted in the 'frying pan' and bound in a basket to be tossed to death by wild bulls in the arena. |
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| 202 | Emperor Septimus Severus prohibits Christian and Jewish proselytising, thus inaugurating the first systematic persecution of Christianity. |
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| 250 | The Decian pogrom against Christians begins across the Roman Empire. Everyone has to obtain certificates proving he/she has made sacrifice to the official gods. [Because of the large number of Christians in the Roman army it begins to affect morale. The persecution is therefore ended for military reasons when trouble breaks out on the frontiers of the empire]. |
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| 308-312 | Emperor Maximus (Maximimus) conducts the last official persecution of Christians. The authorities attempt to revive old slanders against the Christians, of secret cannibalistic orgies practiced in churches. |
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| 311 | Roman Emperor Galerius issues his Edict of Toleration of Christians –
"wherefore, for this our indulgence, they [Christians] ought to pray to their God for our safety, for that of the republic, and for their own,
that the republic may continue uninjured on every side, and that they may be able to live securely in their homes". Visigoths – Ulphilas (Ulfilas) begins evangelising and translates much of the Bible into Gothic, eventually inventing a new Gothic script for that purpose. |
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| 313 | Roman Empire – Christianity is given legal recognition in the Empire. (See 394). |
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| c.325 | Frumentius evangelises the kingdom of Aksum, later to become Ethiopia. |
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| 394 | Christianity becomes the official religion of the Roman Empire. | |||
| c.403 | Britain – Patricius (today's St. Patrick) is kidnapped from Britain age-16 by Irish raiders and sold as a slave in Ireland where he works herding sheep. (See 433). |
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| c.409 | Patricius escapes from Ireland and returns to Britain. | |||
| 411 | North Africa – Many Donatist Christians are tortured and killed as a consequence of Bishop Augustine of Hippo, North Africa, employing the duty of Roman magistrates to control religious dissent within the North African church. [He gives his position a theological base from Luke 14:23 ('compel') with dire consequences for both Jewish and Christian history, particularly in central and western Europe (i.e. the Inquisition)]. |
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| 433 | March: Ireland – Patricius begins evangelising. | |||
| 460 | March 11: Ireland – Patricius dies aged about 73 (medieval tradition held that Patrick died in 493). | |||
| 496 | Gaul – Clovis, King of the Franks, accepts Christianity and is baptised by Remigius. |
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| c.563 | Scotland – Columba establishes his missionary base in Iona. | |||
| c.600 | North Wales – Beuno evangelises. | |||
| 635 | Northumbria – Aidan begins to establishes Christianity. | |||
| c.680 | Franconia – Kilian evangelises. | |||
| c.700 | Frisia – Wynfrith (Boniface) evangelises. | |||
| c.830 | Scandinavia – Anskar attempts to establish Christianity. | |||
| 862 | East Europe – Cyril and his brother Methodius (Кѷриллъ и Меѳодїи) begin to evangelise the Slavs. The two brothers and their students create the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets (based primarily on the Greek uncial writing of the 9th century) in order to translate the Bible and other texts into the Slavic languages. |
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| 988 | Kiev, Ukraine – Prince Vladimir formally aligns with Christianity. | |||
| 1273 | Roman Catholic theologian Thomas Aquinas experiences a personal conversion and declares all his theological writings as 'straw'. |
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| c.1370 | England – John Wycliffe teaches a return to biblical Christianity and initiates the preaching of the derogatorily called 'Lollards'. |
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| 1420 | Peter Chelcicky begins preaching Christian renewal to the people of Prague. His converts form the core of the Bohemian Brethren, later called Unitas Fratrum or Moravians. (See 1727) |
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| 1620 | September 6: The 'Mayflower' sails to America to found a colony which guarantees religious freedom. |
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| 1660 | America – John Eliot founds the first American-Indian church in Natick. He publishes the 'Bay Psalm Book', the first book ever published in New England.
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| 1661 | America – John Eliot's translation of the Bible into the local American-Indian dialect is printed. |
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| c.1700 | Maryland – Thomas Bray establishes the Society for the Propagation of the Christian Gospel. Wales – Griffith Jones evangelises. |
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| 1726 | America – The Great Awakening begins. | |||
| 1727 | Moravia – August 13: the Holy Spirit powerfully anoints a communion service in Bethelsdorf, which triggers the Moravian revival and reportedly results in more missionaries being sent out across the world in the next 20-years than from the whole of the rest of the Christian Church in the following 200-years. |
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| 1736 | Britain, America – George Whitefield begins evangelising. | |||
| 1738 | May 24: John Wesley directly experiences the grace of God for the first time, resulting in a changed life and the evangelisation of many throughout Britain –
"I felt my heart strangely warmed. I felt I did trust in Christ, Christ alone for salvation; and an assurance was given to me that He had taken away my sins." |
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| c.1740 | Pennsylvania – David Brainerd evangelises the native Americans.
Wales – Howel Harris evangelises. |
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| 1741 | July 8: Jonathan Edwards preaches his famous sermon 'Sinners in the hands of an angry God' further helping the Great Awakening across America. |
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| 1749 | Long Island, America – Samson Occom begins evangelising the Montauk. |
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| c.1750 | Yorkshire – William Grimshaw evangelises. | |||
| 1768 |
New York, America – Samson Occom establishes the native-American town of Brothertown.
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| 1777 | America – Thomas Coke begins working under John Wesley. | |||
| 1792 | England – William Carey preaches his famous sermon 'Expect great things from God; attempt great things for God', and later forms the Baptist Missionary Society.
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| 1800 | America – The Second Great Awakening begins. | |||
| 1805 | India – Henry Martyn begins evangelising. | |||
| 1807 | China – The first Protestant missionaries arrive. | |||
| c.1810 | Midlands, North England – William Clowes evangelises, is expelled from the Methodist movement and founds the Primitive Methodist Connexion. |
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| c.1815 | Burma – Adoniram Judson evangelises. | |||
| 1817 | North Cape, South Africa – Robert Moffatt arrives as missionary to evangelise the Tswana. He later establishes a written language and translates the Bible. Polynesia – John Williams begins evangelising. (See 1839). |
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| 1818 | China – Robert Morrison translates the whole Bible. | |||
| 1824-5 | Burma – Adoniram Judson is imprisoned for a year by the British. | |||
| 1824 | Jamaica – William Knibb begins evangelising. | |||
| 1839 | Polynesia – John Williams is killed and eaten. (See 1817). | |||
| 1841 | East Africa – David Livingstone begins evangelising. | |||
| 1854 | China – James Hudson Taylor begins evangelising. | |||
| c.1860 | Melanesia – John Coleridge Patteson begins evangelising. | |||
| c.1870 | America – Dwight Lyman Moody begins evangelising. | |||
| 1876 | Ibo, Nigeria – Mary Slessor begins evangelising. | |||
| 1877 | Melanesia – James Chalmers opens up New Guinea to the gospel. (See 1901). |
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| 1888 | Algeria – Isabella Lilian Trotter begins evangelising. | |||
| 1898 | America – Bob Jones begins evangelising. | |||
| c.1900 | Poona, India – Pandita Ramabai evangelises, and translates the Bible into Marathi. China – 56 missionaries of the China Inland Mission are murdered in the Boxer Rebellion. |
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| 1901 | Melanesia – James Chalmers is killed and eaten while exploring new territories in New Guinea. (See 1877). |
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| 1903 | India – Vednayakam Samuel Azariah forms the Indian Missionary Society. |
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| 1904-6 | Wales – Evan John Roberts evangelises and spiritual revival spreads through Wales. |
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| c.1915 | Philippines – Frank Charles Laubach begins evangelising. | |||
| 1933 | China – Gladys Aylward opens a mission centre. | |||
| 1938 | India – Vednayakam Samuel Azariah hosts the World Missionary Conference. |
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| 1966 | China – The Cultural Revolution closes all Christian churches but they continue to grow. | |||
| 2008 | Orissa, India – August-September: Hindus attack Christians, killing dozens, destroying more than a hundred churches and dozens of Christian-owned businesses, and ransacking about 2,500 Christian homes (Source: Mission India staff). The Christian population having grown from an estimated 2% to 28%. Revenge for the killing of a Hindu leader by a Moaoist group was initially used as a trigger for the violence. |
See: All India Christian Council |
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Hindu leader, Umasankar Acharya of the Bajrang Dal organization said – "This is my message to the Christians: Stop your conversions or you will learn a lesson from the Hindu society!"; a lesson spelled out in the continuing violence and murders perpetrated against them. |
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| CONTINUING FOR HIM, UNTIL CHRIST OUR LORD COMES | ||||